<Oncology Frontier>:Early detection of cancer is something that is much easier said than done. Can you share with us some of the Western experiences and techniques on this issue?

　　《肿瘤瞭望》：癌症早期检测说易行难。对于中国而言，您有哪些经验与我们分享？

　　Dr. Murphy: Early detection is axiomatic in terms of saving lives. If almost any cancer is detected early， the chances of surviving that experience are increased many-fold. If a cancer is detected late， the chances of survival are lower， or maybe non-existent. There are evidence-based assays， often blood-based and physician office-based and other times requiring other forms of medical technology， that when appropriately used on a medical evidence basis， have been shown to make the diagnosis of cancer so that the appropriate therapy can begin. There is forty years of evidence for this and much of that has been sourced out of China. It is known that a number of things that can and should be done and the gold standards share those best practices. These include cancer screenings which are done annually on all the employees in a company and others that are done as employees get older， different for men and for women. As these take place in China， as they have been developed， exploited and deployed elsewhere in the world， then early detection of cancer will increasingly occur. Therefore cures are being augmented.

　　Murphy博士：早期发现在拯救生命方面是不言自明的。如果几乎所有癌症能够早期发现，幸存的机会将会翻倍。如果癌症发现较晚，生存的机会将会降低，甚至是没有。通常以血液检查和医生办公室为主，有时候需要其他形式的医疗技术，即在医学证据的基础上使用适当的技术，这些基于证据的分析使肿瘤得以诊断，以便开始相应的治疗。这种模式已使用四十多年，其中大部分已经被中国采纳了。众所周知，很多事情是可以而且应该做的，这些最佳做法是和黄金标准一致的。像癌症筛检，这是在每个公司所有员工每年都要做的，而且随着员工年龄的增长，男性和女性也有不同的其他筛查项目。随着早期筛查在世界其他地方的广泛开展，中国也正积极推广早期筛查，癌症的早期发现将越来越多，治疗也将因此增强。