乳腺癌是全球女性发病率最高的恶性肿瘤。随着系统治疗与外科技术持续进步，患者生存期显著延长，术后生活质量与身心完整性重建愈发成为乳腺癌全程管理的重要议题；乳房重建既是外科技术的集中体现，也是帮助患者回归正常生活的重要支撑，是乳腺癌防治事业的关键组成部分。每年十月的粉红丝带宣传月，正是全社会普及防治知识、传递患者关爱的温暖契机。恰逢这一全民关注乳腺健康的时节，2026年10月14日至15日，由上海市抗癌协会、上海市防癌抗癌事业发展基金会共同主办，中国抗癌协会整合乳腺癌委员会指导，复旦大学附属肿瘤医院承办的第十八届上海乳房重建会议在沪召开，大会以“医路无界——全球智慧，共促实践”为主题，汇聚全球多个国家和地区的乳腺外科与整形外科顶尖专家，既是展示中国乳腺重建领域发展成果的重要窗口，也是联动国际学术智慧、推动临床实践优化的交流平台。会议期间，《肿瘤瞭望》特邀芬兰赫尔辛基大学医院、乌普萨拉大学医院Susanna Kauhanen教授接受专访，从芬兰全民参与的乳腺癌公益传统到北欧乳房重建的发展历程与临床思路，其分享为国内同道带来了跨地域的实践经验与启发。
编者按：乳腺癌是全球女性发病率最高的恶性肿瘤。随着系统治疗与外科技术持续进步，患者生存期显著延长，术后生活质量与身心完整性重建愈发成为乳腺癌全程管理的重要议题；乳房重建既是外科技术的集中体现，也是帮助患者回归正常生活的重要支撑，是乳腺癌防治事业的关键组成部分。每年十月的粉红丝带宣传月，正是全社会普及防治知识、传递患者关爱的温暖契机。恰逢这一全民关注乳腺健康的时节，2026年10月14日至15日，由上海市抗癌协会、上海市防癌抗癌事业发展基金会共同主办，中国抗癌协会整合乳腺癌委员会指导，复旦大学附属肿瘤医院承办的第十八届上海乳房重建会议在沪召开，大会以“医路无界——全球智慧，共促实践”为主题，汇聚全球多个国家和地区的乳腺外科与整形外科顶尖专家，既是展示中国乳腺重建领域发展成果的重要窗口，也是联动国际学术智慧、推动临床实践优化的交流平台。会议期间，《肿瘤瞭望》特邀芬兰赫尔辛基大学医院、乌普萨拉大学医院Susanna Kauhanen教授接受专访，从芬兰全民参与的乳腺癌公益传统到北欧乳房重建的发展历程与临床思路，其分享为国内同道带来了跨地域的实践经验与启发。
01
《肿瘤瞭望》：十月是全球乳腺癌防治宣传月，想请您介绍一下，芬兰在乳腺癌防治相关的公益工作中，有哪些本土特色实践？
Susanna Kauhanen 教授：粉红丝带是乳腺癌患者公益筹款的标志性符号，也是乳腺癌防治科普宣传的重要载体。在芬兰，每年十月的乳腺癌防治氛围浓厚，全社会参与度很高：商铺会推出大量粉色主题的公益产品，民众普遍佩戴粉红丝带，以实际行动支持乳腺癌相关研究。
October is Global Breast Cancer Awareness Month. Could you please introduce what local characteristic practices Finland has in public welfare work related to breast cancer prevention and treatment?
The pink ribbon is the iconic symbol of public welfare fundraising for breast cancer patients and an important vehicle for breast cancer prevention and treatment education. In Finland, every October has a strong atmosphere of breast cancer prevention and treatment, with high participation from all sectors of society: shops launch a large number of pink-themed charity products, and the public widely wear pink ribbons to support breast cancer-related research with practical actions.
02
《肿瘤瞭望》：这是您第一次来到中国上海，参加本次上海乳房重建会议，请问您对本次大会有怎样的印象？
Susanna Kauhanen 教授：本次上海乳房重建会议规模宏大，组织严谨周密，学术布局兼具前瞻性与开拓性，同时始终贯穿以患者为中心的人文理念，所有参会同道的出发点都聚焦于提升患者的诊疗获益。我尤为认可复旦大学附属肿瘤医院吴炅教授团队的组织协作模式，团队成员彼此配合、相互支撑。在与中国同道的交流中，我感受到的是凝心聚力、互助共进的学术氛围，大家更倾向于抱团协作、共同推动学科发展，这样开放融洽的学术环境给我留下了非常好的印象。
This is your first visit to Shanghai, China, to attend the Shanghai Breast Reconstruction Conference. What impression did this conference leave on you?
The Shanghai Breast Reconstruction Conference was large in scale, rigorously and meticulously organized, and its academic layout was both forward-looking and pioneering, while consistently embodying a patient-centered humanistic philosophy. The starting point of all participating colleagues was focused on improving patients' diagnostic and treatment benefits. I particularly appreciate the organizational and collaborative model of Professor Wu Hao's team at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, whose team members coordinated with and supported each other. In exchanges with Chinese colleagues, I felt an academic atmosphere of cohesion and mutual progress; everyone tended to work together as a group and jointly promote disciplinary development. Such an open and harmonious academic environment left a very good impression on me.
03
《肿瘤瞭望》：想请您介绍一下芬兰乳房重建的发展历程与诊疗体系，以及在长期临床实践中，积累了哪些重要的实践经验？
Susanna Kauhanen 教授：芬兰是全球乳房重建领域起步较早的国家，长期以来形成了以自体组织重建为主的临床传统，优先采用患者自身组织完成乳房再造。这一传统主要基于两方面依据：一是上世纪80年代的早期研究已证实，假体乳房重建的长期疗效存在局限，尤其对于接受术后放疗的患者，假体重建的远期并发症风险更高、整体效果欠佳；二是芬兰及北欧地区的文化审美更偏向接近生理状态的乳房外形，而自体组织重建是达成这一效果的理想方式。
我从事整形外科临床工作已二十余年，亲历了北欧乳房重建审美理念的演变与传承。长期以来，斯堪的纳维亚地区的女性在乳房重建中，普遍以获得贴近生理状态的自然乳房形态为主要诉求。近年来受社交媒体审美传播影响，虽有部分女性开始倾向于更饱满的乳房外形，呈现出审美多元化的趋势，但自然形态仍是绝大多数患者的首选。
Could you please introduce the development history and diagnostic and treatment system of breast reconstruction in Finland, and what important practical experience has been accumulated in long-term clinical practice?
Finland is one of the earliest countries in the world to develop the field of breast reconstruction and has long formed a clinical tradition centered on autologous tissue reconstruction, prioritizing the use of patients' own tissue to complete breast reconstruction. This tradition is mainly based on two considerations: first, early studies in the 1980s confirmed that implant-based breast reconstruction has limitations in long-term outcomes; especially for patients receiving postoperative radiotherapy, implant reconstruction carries a higher risk of long-term complications and poorer overall outcomes. Second, the cultural aesthetics of Finland and the Nordic region favor a breast appearance close to the physiological state, and autologous tissue reconstruction is the ideal way to achieve this effect.
I have been engaged in clinical plastic surgery for more than 20 years and have witnessed the evolution and inheritance of aesthetic concepts in Nordic breast reconstruction. For a long time, women in the Scandinavian region generally sought a natural breast shape close to the physiological state in breast reconstruction. In recent years, influenced by the spread of social media aesthetics, although some women have begun to favor fuller breast shapes, showing a trend toward aesthetic diversification, natural shape remains the first choice for the vast majority of patients.
04
《肿瘤瞭望》：在芬兰的乳房重建临床实践中，有哪些具备本国特色的重建理念与实践模式？这些特色是如何形成的，又对临床工作产生了怎样的影响？
Susanna Kauhanen 教授：芬兰乳房重建尤其注重效果的长期耐久性——力求一次重建即可维持终身稳定的效果，尽可能降低后续修复与二次手术的概率。这一实践理念的形成，与芬兰的公共医疗体系特征高度相关。芬兰公共医疗体系由税收支撑，覆盖全体公民，医疗资源虽有保障但并非无限，因此临床决策需兼顾疗效与卫生经济学价值。落实到乳房重建领域，假体可作为阶段性的过渡手段，但并非永久性解决方案；对于具备自体组织重建条件的患者，该术式始终是临床首选方案。
In Finland's clinical practice of breast reconstruction, what reconstruction concepts and practice models with national characteristics are there? How were these characteristics formed, and what impact have they had on clinical work?
Breast reconstruction in Finland places particular emphasis on long-term durability of outcomes—striving to achieve a stable result that can be maintained for life with a single reconstruction, and minimizing the probability of subsequent revision and secondary surgery. The formation of this practice concept is highly related to the characteristics of Finland's public healthcare system. Finland's public healthcare system is supported by taxes and covers all citizens. Although medical resources are guaranteed, they are not unlimited; therefore, clinical decisions must balance efficacy and health economic value. In the field of breast reconstruction, implants can serve as a transitional means but are not a permanent solution; for patients with conditions suitable for autologous tissue reconstruction, this procedure always remains the clinical first-choice option.
Susanna Kauhanen 教授
芬兰赫尔辛基大学医院、乌普萨拉大学医院
医学博士、博士，副教授